Headaches and migraines in menopause

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) can help to reduce the frequency of migraines by stabilising oestrogen levels.

• Transdermal oestrogen (patches, sprays or gels): Provides steady hormone levels, reducing fluctuations that trigger migraines.
• Combined HRT options, like the LNG-IUS or micronised progesterone, are necessary for women with a uterus.
  
  

Non-hormonal medications include:

• Pain relief: NSAIDs or triptans.
• Preventative options: Such as Beta-blockers.

Other techniques include:

• Track triggers: Keep a headache diary to identify patterns and avoid triggers.
• Stress management: Try yoga, meditation or deep breathing to reduce tension.
• Diet and hydration: Eat regular meals, stay hydrated and avoid common triggers like caffeine, wine and processed foods.
• Regular exercise: Improves blood flow, reduces stress and supports overall well-being.

• Headaches: Headaches are general pain or discomfort in the head, neck or scalp. They can vary in intensity from dull and achy to sharp and throbbing. Stress, tension or dehydration often trigger headaches.
• Migraines: Migraines are a more severe form of headache. They are often described as intense, throbbing pain, usually affecting one side of the head. Migraines can be accompanied by additional symptoms such as:
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia)
  • Visual disturbances like flashing lights or blurred vision

Migraines are often triggered by hormonal changes, stress, poor sleep or dietary factors. Women with a history of menstrual migraines are particularly vulnerable to worsening symptoms during perimenopause and menopause.